http://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2008/02/credentica
A new startup, Credentica, hopes to offer the ability for you to
[0]perform secure transactions using the smallest amount of personal
information possible. Their goal is to both protect privacy and enhance
security, which they hope will be a mutually inclusive process. "The
technique employs secure multi-party computation, a branch of
cryptography that can calculate meaningful answers about secret
information by knowing only some non-revealing clues about that secret.
The underlying theory was demonstrated in 1982 by Andrew Yao in the
so-called Millionaire's Problem […] U-Prove employs an ID token, a
special kind of digital certificate that allows for minimal selective
disclosure. The tokens can store all kinds of information, but users can
disclose only the minimum amount of data required in any given
transaction. They leave no unwanted data trails and permit both anonymity
and pseudonymity."
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